Since the reform and open policy, our country man-made board industrial development, production technology, production and consumption structure all had a told purpose changes, in the forestry industry has formed a from manufacturing to distribution, service industry department, for our national sustainable economic growth and forestry industry contributed to the development of. According to the statistics, China's man-made board industry in the 80 s at an average annual rate of 15% growth, the 90 s at an average annual rate of 25% growth, much higher than the same period in GDP growth rate. To 200 l years,bamboo furniture the national has put into production more than more than 6000 of the man-made board factory, the larger about 500 home, design production capacity of about 30 million m3 / a, annual production of 200 l 21.1082 million m3 / a, a year earlier about 5.45% growth. Formed a plywood, particieboard and fiber board give priority to in the industrial structure man-made board, the continued growth of the situation. Our country is man-made board producers and consumers, production ranking second in the world. According to experts, in 2005, the progress of demand is 28.05 million m3, 2010 for 32.85 million m3. In the current domestic commodity market generally are in excess of the state, the man-made board industry in China is one of the few consumption growth is greater than the growth of the industry of production. So experts with the needs of the market and import and export trade,bamboo flooring and other aspects of the forecast analysis: Chinese man-made board industry still has the sustainable development prospects. Man-made board is refers to the wood or non-wood materials (such as ZheZha, vines, etc.) after a broken, then it together to form a product. On the market today man-made board are divided into: wood man-made board and artificial bamboo two kinds, and parts of grain to stem woodiness material as the raw material of man-made board.
Wood man-made board
Wood man-made board is based on wood or wood waste as the main raw material, through physical and chemical processing and mechanical cutting, processed into different shapes of structure element, and by the group of billet or shop outfit into different structure forms of slab in the plate material of shaping [2]. Wood man-made board to ease the pressure of the lack of wood resources, is a use of mimosa, path materials, improving the utilization ratio of wood good way, and basically overcome some of the timber their faults, realize the small material USES, to bad optimal use of material.
Wood woodiness plywood, man-made board mainly include wooden fiber board and woodiness particieboard three categories.
The production process were:
Plywood: log, and skinning-cooking and cut and dry lathe cutting and glue-group and preloading-hot pressing billet, cut side-sanding, inspection and storage
Fiber board: using cutting piece-and preheat cooking and hot mill-gas fiber separation, dry and glue to shop, hot pressing and preloading, cut side-sanding, inspection and storage
Particieboard: cut piece-planing and using of dry, and glue to shop and screening and preloading-hot pressing, cut side-sanding, inspection and storage
Wood man-made board on the market today is the main man-made plank, is make furniture, interior decoration of main material.
Artificial bamboo
Bamboo or artificial bamboo is bamboo waste as the main raw material, through physical and chemical processing and mechanical cutting, processed into all kinds of different geometry structure unit, glue of different structure form after the slab and become of a kind of man-made plywood plank. It basically eliminate the bamboo anisotropy, uneven material and the shortcomings of dry; Can do not bred worms, mildew and deformation.
Bamboo intensity, stiffness, wear resistance, and it is a good engineering structural materials. As early as in ancient times, people use bamboo made bamboo building, building scaffold, bamboo ladders, water pipes, etc, are all original bamboo utilization. The modern people began to use bamboo weaving manufacturing crafts, such as bamboo weaving handy compote, bamboo weaving animal model of vase, etc; Bamboo handicrafts, such as bamboo rod, gift bamboo fans, birdcage, bamboo cane, etc.; The bamboo everyday items, such as chopstick, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo furniture, etc. One of chopstick and bamboo forest product export has become an important component. But the depth development of bamboo in China one of the artificial bamboo research and development, but relatively slowly. The development of artificial bamboo board in China began in the 70 s, developed in the 80 s. In the early 80 s, because the forest deforestation, serious soil and water loss, frequent natural disasters, the forest resources protection increasingly drawn the attention of the countries all over the world. Bamboo as a kind of a plant sustainable use and wood materials, caused the people's attention and devotes a lot of human resource development, artificial bamboo has developed rapidly. Today, artificial bamboo building, packing, has in vehicles, interior decoration, furniture, etc widely instead of wood and wood veneer.
Bamboo is a kind of material itself because small diameter, hollow, thin wall material, which in the largely limits the use of bamboo, and the research and development of artificial bamboo, bamboo makes a face, high strength of a plane or type surface material, make our country bamboo resource into the era of industrial use.
Artificial bamboo mainly has: bamboo curtain plywood, plywood, bamboo plywood, bamboo floor, bamboo product board broken material plate and bamboo plywood, etc.
The main production process artificial bamboo for:
The preparation of a unit and the dry, constitute a unit of the unit and group glue billet and hot pressing, artificial bamboo processing.
The development of our country the first artificial bamboo weaving veneered is sichuan, mainly used for packing boxes board, also used as building with a small amount of the template. 80 s,bamboo kitchen hunan developed for construction bamboo-curtain plywood formwork, zhejiang developed laminate bamboo floor for cars, nanjing forestry university bamboo plywood carriage developed for floor and architectural template. These plank high strength, size stability, now has set up a file in the buildings and vehicles used extensively, reflect good. In the 90 s, each district have developed the high strength coated bamboo veneer and bamboo floor, have already formed bigger scale production, widely used in architectural template and the interior decoration. And bamboo broken material board even though development and production, but not to a certain scale. Composite bamboo is mostly stay in research test stage. Now the whole country artificial bamboo production manufacturer of many 200, distributed mainly in zhejiang, hunan, sichuan, jiangxi, keep logo, blessing law province etc.
Wood man-made board and the comparison of the bamboo man-made
Because of bamboo and wood itself the influence of different material, so artificial bamboo in the physical and mechanical performance has many excellent features like the wooden board, such as high strength, elasticity and impact resistance performance etc. It is a kind of very good non-wooden man-made board materials.
Because of bamboo timber structure, shape, materials and wood of the difference between, part of the technology and equipment are different also, with bamboo plywood production, for example:
Bamboo plywood production process for:
Bamboo and preparation and glue dry and hot pressing, and Chen group billet and the inspection, and saw ordinary weaving veneered.
Can see the edge of the process and saw after general plank treatment method is same, and hot pressing all the process of production process before is different.
A preparation, bamboo (wood man-made board without the process)
The weaving veneered weaving have jinwei seats and hang shade table two kinds.
Jinwei seats with 1 is a 1.5 mm thick bamboo piece braid into bamboo place. Hang shade with bamboo in the table is spring, to form DiaoPu into bamboo curtain.
Second, bamboo is dry
The way to dry can natural dry or nets belt drying machine dry.
Bamboo is suitable for the moisture content of 8-20%, too low to produce plank brittle, resin liquidity could dry, influence agglutination quality, the high hot-pressing time increases, many times must exhaust, not easy control technology, the pan color black, affect the product's physical and mechanical performance and the outward appearance quality.
Three, glue
Glue method has manual glue and glue machine glue two kinds. The use of adhesive have pf resin and urea-formaldehyde glue two kinds. Practice has proved, use phenolic glue than urea-formaldehyde glue effect is good, but the cost is higher.
Four, Chen
In order to make the glue can fully infiltrates bamboo, improve the quality of plywood, glue should be placed bamboo after a period of time after the group or groups after casting billet placed a time to hot pressing.
Five, the group of billet
Production when weaving veneered group billet is odd can also can is even layer structure (lumber plywood can only an odd number of structure), jinwei mixed weaving veneered need to crisscross group billet.
Six, hot pressing
When hot pressing for the temperature, pressure, time according to different layer and adhesive and different. The temperature of urea-formaldehyde glue is 120 a 125 ℃, phenolic glue temperature is 130 ℃ a 140, and the pressure is 2.5 a 4 MPa, time with the increase of the layer and lengthen, phenolic glue should grow some of the time.
At present bamboo-curtain plywood artificial bamboo board in China is the fastest-growing, one of the largest varieties, mainly used as building a template, a small amount of bamboo veneer of pulse aldehyde plastic packing used as a board. The traditional wooden template construction surface quality is poor, go all out outfit FeiGong take time, long construction period; The 70 s promotion steel wide small, flat-fell seam is much, a big weight, stripping difficult, surface roughness, and easy to rust, deformation; The 80 s the use of wood plywood formwork, criterion because need a lot of timber resources, and less number of turnover and high cost, should not be used in great quantities. Bamboo-curtain plywood and because of its high strength, toughness good; Wide wide, flat-fell seam is less; The surface is smooth, easy demould; Water resistance, heat resistance, no deformation; Turnover times higher characteristic, has set up a file in the building to promote the use of, an alternative to block, steel form, and wood plywood for high-rise buildings, Bridges, DAMS, tunnel with concrete template. Now the whole country have dozens of production enterprises, the main distribution in hunan, hubei, jiangxi, zhejiang, anhui, etc.
The development of artificial bamboo soon, the product cost low, widely used, but because development is late, is at the beginning stage, and woodiness man-made board, existence of poor quality, performance is not quite stable, future developed is suitable for the production of bamboo plywood high precision equipment, improved manufacturing process, in order to enlarge product market, to make artificial bamboo smooth development.